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The Geographical Review January 1998, Vol. 88 (1), pp. 114-126 "To Civility and to Man's Use:" History, Culture, and Nature I. G. Simmons ABSTRACT An attempt is made to give a 10,000-year perspective on the relations of history, culture, and the nonhuman world called nature. A Holocene narrative of processes separates human soceties and their cultures: things that individuate and pull apart to the point of fragmentation versus those that are binding. These tendencies toward convergence may coalesce, as with the natural sciences or global electronic technology. Equally, they may involve centrifugal prcesses, as in the creative arts or in forms of representation accessible only to certain groups or cultures. The environment resonates in a series of segmented channels, considerably complicated by a binary Western culture, often with 1 acceptable and 0 as the Other. Is a purposeful path laid down by someone else and followed to its predetermined end in Utopia, or do we cherish something more open and contingent? Keywords: contingency, environment, Holocene, identity, nature. Dr. SIMMONS is a professor geography at the University of Durham, England. To contact the author: Dr. Ian G. Simmons Department of Geography Science Laboratories University of Durham South Road Durham DH1 3LE, UK Phone: 011-44-191-374-2462 / 011-44-191-374-2464, 011-44-191-374-2456 fax Email: I.G.Simmons@durham.ac.uk