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The Geographical Review July 1998, Vol. 88 (3), pp. 349-362 BEEKEEPING AND LOCAL SELF-RELIANCE IN RURAL SOUTHERN AFRICA PETE M. ILLGNER, ETIENNE L. NEL, and MARK P.ROBERTSON ABSTRACT: Beekeeping has the potential to supplement incomes in rural southern Africa. In light of regional economic constraints, self-reliancestrategies that draw on local knowledge and skills take on a renewed importance. We consider the advantages and disadvantages of beekeeping and examine appropriate forms of development support. A shortcase study from Zimbabwe illustrates these issues. Keywords: honeybees, rural southern Africa, self-reliance, Zimbabwe. MR. ILLGNER is a doctoral student in zooloy and entomology at Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa 6140, where DR. NEL is a senior lecturer in geography and MR. ROBERTSON is a master's student at the Albany Museum.